What does the Reaction of Chloroform with Sodium hydroxide produce?

Let us first learn what is Chloroform and Then Sodium Hydroxide:

Chloroform:

1. Also known as trichloromethane it is an organic compound with the formula of CHCl3.
2. It is colourless but has a strong smell and it is quite dense which is usually produced in large scale.
3. It is also a precursor to refrigerants and it is one of the four types of Chloromethanes.
4. It is extremely powerful aesthetic and sedative wench when inhaled or ingested can act almost immediately.
5. The common structure for Chloroform is that it has a geometry structure of tetrahedral shape.
6. We can assume the natural occurrence for Chloroform in the environment to that of its production from it is about 660000 tonnes per year.
7. We know that the natural occurrence of chloroform is high actually. Many kind of seaweed produce them and one of the main ingredient of natural environment that is Fungi is known to produce chloroform in the Soil.
8. Abiotic process also contribute to natural chloroform in the soil. Abiotic process are those process which is the degradation of non living substances either by chemical or physical process is called the abiotic process.
9. The Chloroform does readily volatile reactions from soil and surface and thus go through some digression process also to produce phosgene and other like carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride etc. We know that biodegradation in the soil is very slow and chloroform does not necessarily accumulate in organisms in the water.

Sodium Hydroxide:

1. This is known as caustic soda in common terms and it is an inorganic compound with the formula of NaOH.
2. It is white in colour and ionic with Na cations and OH anions ( Cations are positive and anions are negative)
3. It is highly caustic base and alkali which does decompose proteins at ordinary temperature and may also cause some burns.
4. It is soluble in water and from air it readily absorbs moisture and CO2, it also forms monohydrate.
5. It is one of the simplest hydroxides and it is utilised along the water and acid HCL to show the ph scale to people who study chemistry
6. Sodium hydroxide is used for many industrial purpose and it is used to manufacture pulp , paper, textiles and soaps and detergents. It is also used as a drain cleaner.
7. The sodium hydroxide readily available in the commercial shops are monohydrates and used instead of compounds which are anhydrous
8. Their physical properties encompass that they are colourless crystalline solids and they have high boiling point . They are no soluble in non polar solvents
9. If we take concentrated levels of NaOH with other solutions then they have viscosity. The viscosity of aqueous NaOH like any liquid chemical decreases with increase of temperature. Also vice Versa and the viscosity of NaOH does play a very important role in application.
10. Sodium Hydroxide in water is a highly exothermic process and reaction where we have a huge amount of heat . The result is a colourless and odourless substance.
11. It is slippery to touch to due to the process of saponification which is the process of conversion of oil,fatetc to soap and alcohol due to action of aqueous alkali.

The Bargellini Reaction: How Chloroform Reacts with Sodium Hydroxide

This is the chemical reaction discovered in the year 1906 by the chemist Guido Bargellini and it is the reaction of chloroform with Sodium hydroxide. He said that the correct produce due to the reaction was a carboxylic acid derivative and it was the correct structure.

This particular reaction is used to denote that organic synthesis for morpholinones from ketones ( acetone) and diamines also. The process involves a ketone when it is added to the solution of Chloroform That is Trichloromethane. This happens under some basic conditions which again produces tricholoromethade.

Then the product which is trihalogentated is subject to addition to a base induced epoxy. Epoxy is organic compound which are made up of chains of carbon linked to hydrogen, oxygen or nitrogen.

Then the amines will will attack the oxirane due to formation of tertiary carbonation. The intermediate is the very reactive and it forms the carboxylic acid chloride

Finally we have nucleophilic acyl substitute process where the amino group will attack the acid chloride forming heterocycle. The ned product is the carboxylic acid derivative